Understanding Pilar Cyst in Cats: Best 7 Expert Tips!

Blog

Understanding Pilar Cyst in Cats: Best 7 Expert Tips!

Share this post :

Understanding Pilar Cyst in Cats: Best 7 Expert Tips!

A pilar cyst in cats—though less common than in humans—can appear as a small, round lump beneath the skin, often near the head, neck, or back. These benign growths develop from hair follicles and are usually painless, but they can become problematic if irritated, infected, or mistaken for something more serious. While not typically life-threatening, any new lump on your cat warrants attention to ensure proper identification and care. With early observation and vet guidance, most pilar cysts can be managed safely and comfortably.

What Exactly Is a Pilar Cyst in Cats?

Pilar cysts (also called trichilemmal cysts) originate from the outer root sheath of hair follicles and are filled with keratin—a thick, yellowish protein also found in skin, claws, and hair. In cats, these cysts are relatively rare but can mimic other skin conditions, making professional diagnosis essential.

Keratin-Filled Sac:
A pilar cyst forms when keratin builds up inside a blocked hair follicle, creating a smooth, movable lump under the skin.
Typically Benign and Slow-Growing:
Unlike tumors, pilar cysts are non-cancerous and often remain stable in size for months or even years.
Common Locations:
Most often found on the head, neck, shoulders, or back—areas rich in hair follicles and prone to minor trauma.
Smooth and Firm Texture:
The cyst usually feels round, firm yet slightly pliable, and is not attached to deeper tissues in early stages.
Distinct from Sebaceous Cysts:
While often confused, sebaceous cysts arise from oil glands, whereas pilar cysts come from hair follicle cells—requiring different handling.

Though harmless at first, any skin lump should be evaluated by a vet to rule out infection, abscesses, or malignant growths.

Signs That a Cyst May Need Veterinary Attention

Not every pilar cyst requires removal, but certain changes signal the need for prompt care. Monitoring your cat closely helps catch complications early and prevent discomfort or secondary issues.

Rapid Increase in Size:
A cyst that suddenly grows over days or weeks may be inflamed, infected, or something other than a simple pilar cyst.
Redness, Warmth, or Swelling:
These signs suggest inflammation or bacterial infection, which can cause pain and require antibiotics.
Discharge or Oozing:
If the cyst ruptures or leaks a thick, white, or yellowish material, it’s at risk for infection and needs cleaning and assessment.
Your Cat Licks or Scratches It:
Persistent grooming of the area can introduce bacteria or worsen irritation—common if the cyst itches or becomes tender.
Behavioral Changes:
Lethargy, loss of appetite, or sensitivity to touch near the cyst may indicate systemic discomfort or pain.

Early intervention prevents minor issues from becoming serious—and gives you peace of mind about your cat’s skin health.

Check this guide 👉What to Do When Your Cat Has an Open Cyst: Best 7 Tips!

Check this guide 👉Keratinized Skin Cysts in Cats: Best 7 Expert Tips!

Check this guide 👉Understanding Cat Mouth Cysts: Best 7 Expert Tips!

Benign Pilar Cyst Traits	Warning Signs Requiring a Vet
Slow-growing, stable size	Sudden enlargement or hardness
Smooth, movable under skin	Fixed, immobile, or irregular edges
No pain or irritation	Signs of pain when touched
No discharge or odor	Pus, blood, or foul smell
Cat ignores the lump	Excessive licking, scratching, or avoidance

How Vets Diagnose Pilar Cysts in Cats

Because many skin lumps look alike, visual inspection alone isn’t enough. Veterinarians use specific diagnostic tools to confirm whether a growth is truly a pilar cyst and not something more concerning like a tumor or abscess.

Physical Examination:
Your vet will palpate the lump to assess size, mobility, texture, and location—key clues in preliminary identification.
Fine Needle Aspirate (FNA):
A thin needle extracts cells or fluid from the cyst for microscopic analysis, helping distinguish cyst types or detect cancerous cells.
Biopsy (If Needed):
For ambiguous cases, a small tissue sample may be sent to a lab for histopathology to confirm diagnosis definitively.
Imaging (Rarely):
Ultrasound may be used if the cyst appears deep or connected to underlying structures.
Ruling Out Other Conditions:
Vets will also consider abscesses, lipomas, basal cell tumors, or skin infections that mimic cysts—especially in older cats.

Accurate diagnosis ensures your cat receives the right care—whether that’s monitoring, medication, or surgical removal.

Treatment Options for Pilar Cysts in Cats

Most pilar cysts don’t need immediate treatment, but intervention may be recommended based on size, location, or your cat’s behavior. Your vet will tailor the approach to your pet’s specific needs.

Watchful Waiting:
Small, asymptomatic cysts are often monitored during routine check-ups unless they change.
Surgical Removal:
If the cyst is large, irritating, recurrent, or infected, complete excision is the most effective long-term solution.
Antibiotics for Infection:
If the cyst ruptures or becomes inflamed, oral or topical antibiotics may be prescribed to control bacteria.
Avoid Squeezing or Popping:
Never attempt to drain the cyst at home—it can introduce infection, cause scarring, or lead to incomplete removal and regrowth.
Post-Op Care After Surgery:
If removed, keep the incision clean, use an E-collar to prevent licking, and follow all vet instructions for healing.

Surgery is usually curative, with low recurrence rates when the entire cyst wall is removed.

Preventing Skin Cysts and Supporting Feline Skin Health

While you can’t always prevent pilar cysts—especially if linked to genetics—you can support your cat’s overall skin and coat health to reduce the risk of follicle blockages and irritation.

Regular Grooming:
Brushing removes dead hair and debris that can clog follicles, especially in long-haired breeds.
High-Quality Diet:
Omega-3 fatty acids and quality proteins promote healthy skin cell turnover and reduce inflammation.
Parasite Control:
Fleas and mites can cause skin trauma that leads to cysts or mimics them—stay current on preventatives.
Minimize Skin Trauma:
Avoid rough handling or tight collars that rub against the neck and shoulders—common cyst sites.
Routine Skin Checks:
Gently feel your cat’s body during petting sessions to catch new lumps early, when they’re easiest to evaluate.

Prevention isn’t about perfection—it’s about consistent, loving attention to your cat’s daily well-being.

Special Considerations for Senior Cats and Certain Breeds

Older cats and specific breeds may be more prone to skin growths, including cysts. Understanding these risk factors helps you stay proactive about your cat’s dermatological health.

Senior Cats Over Age 10:
As cats age, skin elasticity decreases and cell turnover slows, increasing the chance of benign and malignant lumps.
Long-Haired Breeds (e.g., Persians, Maine Coons):
Dense coats trap oils and debris, potentially clogging follicles and contributing to cyst formation.
Cats with History of Skin Issues:
Those with past allergies, infections, or folliculitis may have weakened follicle integrity.
Indoor vs. Outdoor Lifestyle:
Outdoor cats face more skin trauma from fights or environmental irritants, though indoor cats aren’t immune.
Genetic Predisposition:
While not well-documented for pilar cysts specifically, some lines may inherit weaker follicle structure.

For these cats, biannual vet checks and monthly home skin exams are wise preventive habits.

When to See a Vet for Your Cat’s Skin Cyst

Even if a pilar cyst seems harmless, a professional evaluation is essential to confirm its nature and rule out more serious conditions. Early veterinary involvement ensures your cat receives appropriate care and avoids unnecessary complications.

First-Time Lump Discovery:
Any new skin growth should be examined by a vet—what looks like a cyst could be a tumor, abscess, or infection.
Cyst Located in a High-Risk Area:
Cysts near the eyes, ears, mouth, or joints may interfere with function or be harder to remove later if ignored.
History of Skin Issues or Cancer:
Cats with prior skin conditions or older cats with multiple lumps need thorough screening to monitor for malignancy.
Uncertainty About the Lump’s Origin:
If you’re unsure whether it’s a cyst, insect bite, or allergic reaction, a vet can provide clarity through examination or testing.
Plans for Breeding or Showing Your Cat:
Even benign cysts may affect conformation standards or require documentation for responsible breeding practices.

A quick vet visit can offer reassurance, a clear diagnosis, and a proactive plan—so you and your cat can move forward with confidence.

Frequently Asked Questions About Pilar Cyst in Cats

Can a pilar cyst turn cancerous in cats?

Pilar cysts themselves are benign and rarely become cancerous, but any changing lump should be checked to rule out malignant tumors that may look similar.

Will the cyst go away on its own?

No—pilar cysts don’t typically resolve without intervention. They may stay the same, grow slowly, or rupture, but they won’t disappear naturally.

Is it safe to leave a pilar cyst untreated?

If small, non-irritating, and confirmed benign, yes—many cats live comfortably with monitored cysts. But regular vet checks are essential.

How much does cyst removal cost?

Costs vary by region and clinic, but typically range from $200 to $600, including exam, surgery, and histopathology if needed.

Can I tell the difference between a cyst and a tumor at home?

Not reliably. Both can feel like smooth lumps. Only a vet can differentiate them through aspiration or biopsy—never assume.

Supporting Your Cat’s Skin Health with Confidence

Finding a lump on your beloved cat can spark worry—but with knowledge and calm action, most pilar cysts are manageable and benign. By partnering with your veterinarian, observing changes closely, and prioritizing your cat’s overall skin health, you can ensure their comfort and well-being for years to come. Remember, early detection is your best tool, and your gentle, attentive care makes all the difference. Whether monitored or removed, your proactive approach turns uncertainty into peace of mind—for both you and your feline friend.